Definition and Examples of a Morph in Linguistics

In linguistics, a morph is a word segment that represents one morpheme (the smallest unit of language that has meaning) in sound or writing. Its a written or pronounced portion of a word, such as an affix (a prefix or suffix). For example, the word infamous is made up of three morphs—in-, fam(e), -eous—each of which represents one morpheme. The word has two affixes, both a prefix (in-) and a suffix (-eous) attached to a root word. Key Takeaways: Morphs Morphs are portions of a word, such as affixes.Morphs that are also whole words are called free morphs.The different sounds that pronounce a morph are its allomorphs.A morpheme is a description, such as a past-tense verb ending. This morpheme is often represented by the morph -ed. Morphs, Morphemes, and Allomorphs Although a morpheme is an abstract unit of meaning, a morph is a formal unit with a physical shape. A morpheme is the description of what a morph is or does to a word. Author George David Morley explains: For example, the morpheme meaning negative forming is evidenced in adjectives by the morphs un as in unclear, in - inadequate, im - immoral, il - illegal, ig - ignoble, ir - irregular, non - non-existent, dis - dishonest.  (Syntax in Functional Grammar: An Introduction to Lexicogrammar in Systemic  Linguistics.  Continuum, 2000) When something has multiple ways that a sound can be created, these are its allomorphs. Authors Mark Aronoff and Kirsten Fudeman explain the concept this way:  For example, the English past tense morpheme that we spell -ed has various [allomorphs or variants]. It is realized as [t] after the voiceless [p] of jump (cf. jumped), as [d] after the voiced [l] of repel (cf. repelled), and as [É™d] after the voiceless [t] of root or the voiced [d] of wed (cf. rooted and wedded). (What Is Morphology?  2nd ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011) Types of Morphs A morph that can stand alone as a word is called a free morph. For example, the adjective big, the verb walk, and the noun home are free morphs. Root words may or may not be free morphs. For example, the root in the word construction is struct, meaning to build. The word also contains the prefix con- and -ion (the latter of which shows that the word is a noun). A morph that cant stand alone as a word is called a bound morph;  the endings -er (as in bigger), -ed (as in walked), and -s (as in homes) are bound morphs (or affixes). When Is a Word Part a Morph? For most language users, being able to pare a word down into its parts (root words and affixes) is sufficient for the purposes of understanding a complex word. Take the word antidisestablishment. It can be broken into the following: anti- (against), dis- (taking apart), establish (root word; to disestablish is to end an official status, especially of a church), and -ment  (showing the word is a noun). Surmised from the sum of its parts, then, the word means being against the state breaking up a church, and it particularly refers to the 19th-century Church of England. Conversely, for most users, knowledge of affixes will suffice to create words from parts. This is what George W. Bush was going for when he said that people misunderestimate him. Native speakers of English who know what the prefix mis- means understands what the former president was trying to say, even though he created a new word for the popular lexicon (a Bushism) when he misspoke. (Bushism is also an example of a created word, containing Bush, referring to the former president, and -ism, a noun, meaning characteristic of the word its attached to.) Instead of stopping at the root word and affix level, some linguists take the word dissection even farther, as author Keith Denning and colleagues describe: Etymologists and those interested in the history of the language may go in the opposite direction and isolate as a morph every sound that ever had a distinct function, even if they have to go as far back as Proto-Indo-European to find it. Both viewpoints are valid, as long as the criteria are clearly stated. (Keith Denning, Brett Kessler, and William R. Leben,  English Vocabulary Elements, 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2007.)

What Is a Group or Family on the Periodic Table

The terms element family and element group are used to describe sets of elements sharing common properties. Heres a look at the difference between a family and a group. For the most part, element families and element groups are the same things. Both describe elements that share common properties, usually based on the number of valence electrons. Usually, either family or group refers to one or more columns of the periodic table. However, some texts, chemists, and teachers distinguish between the two sets of elements. Element Family Element families are elements that have the same number of valence electrons. Most element families are a single column of the periodic table, although the transition elements consist of several columns, plus the elements located below the main body of the table. An example of an element family is the nitrogen group or pnictogens. Note that this element family includes nonmetals, semimetals, and metals. Element Group Although an element group often is defined as a column of the periodic table, its common to refer to groups of elements that span multiple columns, excluding some elements. An example of an element group is the semimetals or metalloids, which follow a zig-zag path down the periodic table. Element groups, defined this way, do not always have the same number of valence electrons. For example, the halogens and noble gasses are distinct element groups, yet they also belong to the larger group of nonmetals. The halogens have 7 valence electrons, while the noble gasses have 8 valence electrons (or 0, depending on how you look at it). The Bottom Line Unless youre asked to distinguish between the two sets of elements on an exam, its fine to use the terms family and group interchangeably.

Business Plan E-Commerce Application “Learning Disability Service”) Free Essays

I. Summary of the Group’s Business Idea Our group’s business plan involves an e-commerce application that provides services to the people having learning disabilities. The business is named as LDS for learning disability service. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Plan: E-Commerce Application â€Å"Learning Disability Service†) or any similar topic only for you Order Now LDS will operate as a commercial entity with an underpinning social agenda. It will provide a platform where all the stakeholders related to social care including people with learning disabilities, their care providers, service providers and product stores, local authorities and relevant NGOs and the community at large will interact, socialize and undertake commercial activities. Strengths In our view, one of the greatest strength of this business idea is that is combines the advantages of socialization and e-commerce on a single platform. Online retail activity has been growing steadily over the years. According to Jeffrey Grau (2012), the retail e-commerce chief for E-Marketer, e-commerce sales will undergo a double digit growth through the year 2016 (see Fig. 1). This sales growth is partly affected by the rise in social networking trends. Online socialization trend has been at its peak due to the popularity of online social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. Marketing practitioners and commentators contend that socialization over the internet is going to have an increased impact over e-commerce activities in the year 2013. According to them, social media plays an influential role in generating awareness towards services and products and has a notable affect on direct sales. According to their estimates, sales through social media have grown 30% year-ove r-year (Dishman, 2012). Many commentators are of the view that the emergence of Smartphone and tablet technologies will further boost online socialization and shopping trend. Smart phones and tablets enable people to socialize and shop online anytime and from anywhere. With these technologies, consumers are able reach more and more people, research and discover products with much ease than before. Our proposed LDS application provides modules for registered users over its website to socialize, where they can share opinions and experiences regarding services and products related to learning disabilities. This information will help users to make more informed and accurate purchase decisions which will subsequently enhance commercial trade over LDS. This will ultimately attract more users, businesses and social bodies towards the website, making our business idea a success. Weaknesses Due to the tightening of social services budgets and an emphasis on smart spending, people with learning difficulties and their carers will be more careful regarding their social services spending. This will heighten the stake of users in spending their money wisely. Resultantly, their purchase decision will become more extensive ((Hawkins 1998) due to their increased level of involvement. This will require our website to build a significant rapport with the aforementioned stakeholders before they will entrust this service and consider it as a competent market place. Fig 1: Growing Trend of E-commerce II.Process of Idea Initiation The idea of this project originated when our group started to define the goal of our new business venture. In one of our groups’ foremost meetings, we decided to plan for a business that would not only be focused upon profit maximization, but also create immediate value for the society in general through a social, environmental, agenda. However, we were doubtful whether a business (which is primarily run for profit) can have a social agenda at its core. Therefore we decided to search some literature, and discovered the concept of ‘social entrepreneurship’ (Dees, 1998; Dees et al. 2001). Over the years, the phrase social entrepreneurship has earned a great deal of attention from the business and marketing practitioners and professionals and scholars. The phrase â€Å"social entrepreneurship† can be regarded as the one that is best suited to the present times as it serves as a combination of social mission and the discipline of business-innovation. The present scenario is the time which gives an opportunity to address the social problems with the entrepreneurial approaches. Of late we have witnessed that most of the large multinational and global corporations are increasingly undertaking corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in order to sustain their brand image and ultimately their profitability (Beurden and Gossling, 2008). Being socially responsible has its payoffs in the modern business era. Therefore, we thought it would be wise to have a balance between both the commercial as well as social agendas for our business plan. The group members were of the view that having a strong social agenda will ultimately benefit our commercial aim. With that in our mind, we identified several areas of social benefit where we could initiate a business. Out of several different options, we decided for LDS. III. Team Work Our team comprising of 4 members was tasked to formulate the business plan and present it in a written report and through an oral presentation. All the members of our team were already familiar with each other as we were already part of a wider academic group. We were determined to work for these tasks and contribute towards its successful completion. The entire project was divided into several small tasks such as environment and market analysis; marketing plan; service development and operation plan, financial projection; drafting final report and developing the presentation of the project. These tasks were delegated among the members of the team in a way that everyone would have equal workload. This process was completed with consensus. According to William Tuckman’s theory of Group Stage Development, this phase of our team work qualifies for the â€Å"forming Stage†[1] (Tuckman, 1965) where each member of a group acquires his/her roles. My role was to finalize the pr oject report. This part required me to coordinate with each of the groups’ member to get their input regarding different parts of the report. The storming’ phase of our group development was mostly uneventful. This was followed by a ‘norming’ phase wherein we had several meetings to discuss the progress of the work and jointly prepare the presentation. Subsequently, our group reached the ‘performing’ stage and we completed all the project tasks. While I was following up for the work, I observed that some of the group members required constant oversight and assistance in making decisions and proceeding with the work while some individuals were doing relatively well on their own. I tried to understand these behavioural patterns in light of William Schutz’s theory of ‘fundamental interpersonal relationship orientation’ (FIRO Theory, 2004). I learned that some people, as contended by Schutz, are deficient in terms of inclusion (i.e. wanting others to call them, invite them in a meeting, seek their opinion) and control (i.e. wanting others to help them decide, seek advice) and resultantly they desire others to make an effort to include them and exert control over them. By catering their interpersonal relationship needs, these members turned out to be as much productive as any other. IV. Presentation Experience During the course of this assignment, I have learnt that regardless of the merits of a proposal, its approval depends largely upon how well it is presented in front of its respective stakeholders (audience). Information of any length can be conveyed through written communication in form of reports; however, they lack the persuasive powers of face to face communication (RoAne, 2009). Presentations, which allow face-to-face communication, play an important role in this regard (RoAne, 2009). Therefore, high impact presentation skills are very important in the modern competitive business world. During my presentation, I have learnt that it is important to utilize modern technologies to present right ideas. Modern technologies, such as computer aided presentation software Microsoft PowerPoint provide an exciting improvement to the most traditional types of presentation. Therefore, it is important for me as a business management undergraduate to have adequate proficiency in using such tools. Apart from the visual aids, other environmental and technical arrangements are also vital to ensure distractions and mishaps are avoided. While presenting in front of the panel, I learned that visual aids including PowerPoint slides, should only add to the presentation. A presenter should rely primarily on his/her knowledge of the subject, enthusiasm, energy and communication skills for a brilliant presentation. The traditional presentation technique of speaking effectively is of utmost importance in delivering effective presentation that captures the attention of the audience. V. Alternative Scenario Looking back at the financial prediction of our group’s business plan, I am of the view that it was just about right. Although it may seem very optimistic to generate more than ?5 million in revenue in three years, it can be achieved considering the merit of our business idea. However, doing so would require rigorous efforts and expertise in web designing, business analysis, human computer interaction and project management. Since we do not possess adequate proficiencies in all these areas, it would be very difficult for us to implement this plan. Since most of the cash flow and profit and loss calculations are based on assumptions, it would be logical to take into account both best case scenario and worst case scenario for financial calculations. For instance, the economy of UK can take a stark turn for the good and the government may announce significant increase in social service spending, rendering our services as less significant. Or NGOs and local bodies may decide to use our platform more extensively, instilling great value in our service. These changes can have contrasting affect of the financial performance of our proposed business idea. Therefore, having alternate growth projections can help improve our business plan. References Beurden P Gossling T (2008), The Worth of Values – A Literature Review on the Relation Between Corporate Social and Financial Performance, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol 82, pp. 407-424 Dees, G. J. (1998) The Meaning of Social Entrepreneurship. Stanford University. Dees, J. G., Emerson, J. Economy, P. (2001) Enterprising Non-profits: A Toolkit for Social Entrepreneurs. New York: Wiley Sons, Inc. Dishman, L. (2012). Three Important Retail Trends for 2013. Forbes. Available from http://www.forbes.com/sites/lydiadishman/2012/12/17/three-important-retail-trends-for-2013/ (cited on 26th Feb, 2013) ‘FIRO Theory’ (2004) People Performance Power: Corporate and Personal Consulting Group. Available from http://www.peopleperformancepower.com/FIRO_Theory.htm (cited on 20th March, 2010) Grau, J. (2012). Retail Ecommerce Forecast—Challenging Economy Drives Online Shopping. E-Marketer. Available from http://www.emarketer.com/Webinar/Retail-Ecommerce-ForecastChallenging-Economy-Drives-Online-Shopping/4000055#ezkpFzGkLHHE4Pwe.99 (cited on 26th Feb, 2013) Hawkins. D (1998), Consumer Behavior. Tata McGraw-Hill, p. 560-565 RoAne, S. (2009) Face to Face: How to Reclaim the Personal Touch in a Digital World. Simon and Schuster Tuckman, B. W. (1965) Developmental Sequences in Small Groups. Psychological Bulletin No. 63 p. 384-399 Tuckman B and Jensen M (1977) Stages of Small Group Development. Group and Organizational Studies. 2:419-427. [1] Tuckman’s theory relates to four stages of group development namely forming, storming, norming and performing. How to cite Business Plan: E-Commerce Application â€Å"Learning Disability Service†), Essay examples

Marketing Plan Case Study of Oxfam Shop

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Planfor Case Study of Oxfam Shop. Answer: Project Scope Oxfam Shop is the renowned retail subsidiary of Oxfam Australia. The company has captured the wider position in the competitive retail market. The company has focused on expanding the business market by introducing the product differentiation strategy. It will be much helpful for the company to reach to more people. Moreover, the company is also focusing on spreading awareness about the product differentiation process to draw the attention of potential customers. The purpose of launching the new product in the society is to bring people together and formulate the cultural diversity. It is noted that Oxfam has maintained the efficiency in resolving the diverse range of the environmental issues and establishing the welfare of the people. The entire process will be completed within one year. The structured marketing plan will be followed in this project to identify the market segments and the underlying strengths and opportunities. These strengths and opportunities are recognised to ana lyse the scope of establishing the competitive edge in this current business market. Depending on the determined objectives, the project will develop the fruitful ideas about the sustainable business management. Product Brief Oxfam Shop has captured the significant place as the famous retail subsidiary of Oxfam Australia. The organisation has established the official e-commerce sites, other retail stores, and direct mailing programme. Oxfam Shop deals with the diversified retail products, foods, and handicrafts in different retail outlets. These retail outlets are sourced as the registered Fair Trade Organisation, which is recognised by the World Fair Trade Association (WFTO). The major focus of the company is to reduce the sufferings of the community people for achieving the better life in future. Concentrating on welfare of the community people, the company has structured a new marketing plan to launch a product. The company has structured a plan to introduce a new product in the market. Wakami, one of the producers of Oxfam Brand has planned to launch this product in rural areas. Wakami brand received enormous supports from Kiejde Los Bosques, which is social enterprise that sells the products in the rural communities in Guatemala (Oxfam Australia 2017). As perceived by Wakami artisans, the world is an ideal place to live in and it is essential to make connection between the people who are living here. Therefore, the major aim of launching a special product is to align people from diversified groups and improve the future life. It is even notified that Wakami concentrates on employing the women labours for providing the significant source of income that will improve their lives. The brand is thus launching the Wakami Book for the community people. The book will contain the information about the ancestral tradition regarding the rituals and festivities of Wakami. The book will also present th e detailed information about the welfare of mankind. It is to be specified that the book will be able to generate the inner peace and spirit to help other. It is predicted that the book will be a special emblem of spreading happiness and peace. Launching this book is a step ahead of bringing the community together for the social welfare. SMART Objectives The company is launching the Wakami Books to to bring the community people together and spread happiness and peace. The company believes that poverty is preventable if the proper initiatives can be undertaken. It must be challenged to improve the lifestyle of the community people. The company has set the focus to provide the beneficial opportunity to the people to bring more improvements in their lives. Hence, the mission of the company is to offer the artwork products through launching these special books that will persuade the undermined people to move ahead towards the upcoming life. Accordingly, the company has set several objectives that are quite achievable. The determined objectives are: To establish strengthened and visible existence in the non-profit retail community To achieve almost 15% of profits in next one year To enhance the customer base through repeat purchase To expand the business entity in diversified regions S- Specific These objectives are specific because these have the clear and detailed approaches of launching new products M-Measurable The product will be launched in different region and the measurement of the profit is thus possible. A- Achievable The product is launched to spread awareness and peace among the community people. Therefore the determined profit revenue is quite achievable. R- Realistic The product is launched to improve the life style and reduce the poverty level. Therefore, it is quite realistic. T- Time Bound The entire process will be completed within one year. Table 1: SMART Objectives (Source: Created by Author) Environmental Analysis Industry Analysis It is noted that the Australian retail industry has undergone a recognisable struggling phase in last five years. The volatile market preferences and the unstable financial markets are the major reasons for such weak economic structure of the country in past few years. It is notified that during the years from 2012 to 2016, the Australian retail market could achieve only 0.2% growth rate. However, the industry is frequently concentrating on future growth and increasing the compound amount of almost 1.0% growth rate in upcoming years. If compared this growth rate to the overall economic structure of the country, it can be seen that the growth rate is much slower than the expectations. However, Australia has experienced a growth rate of 0.2% revenues extracted from the clothing and accessories industry in the year of 2016 (Abs.gov.au 2016). The industry is thus concentrating on the small and medium sized enterprises. The giant retail companies are thus struggling to survive in this com petitive scenario (Urde and Koch 2014). However, in order to structure a relevant marketing plan, Oxfam Shop can utilise this data for analysing the market demands. Competitor Analysis The business sustainability depends on the fruitful business strategies that are formulated to participate in a competitive market. Therefore, it can be inferred that the competition is the integral part for undertaking strategic business decisions. In fact, while launching a new product, it is necessary to keep the focus on the market competitions and intensified performance parameter of the competitors (Cameron 2014). Moreover, the company requires concentrating on the fruitful business strategies that the competitors have adopted to achieve success. It is noted that Oxfam Shop is facing the direct competition from Amazon online book stores. The e-commerce business of Amazon is commendable. People can find any book of their choice through Amazon site. Therefore, it is necessary for the company to undertake the most innovative ideas of launching the brand. The motto of the company is to spread awareness, happiness, and information regarding the traditional and philosophical views. T he innovative business strategy would be appreciated for participating in a competitive scenario. Brief Profile of the Customers Oxfam Shop is focused on associating people who are much interested reading books and generating philosophical knowledge about the traditional aspects. The target customers of the company are based all around the world (Oxfam Australia 2017). The company has been paying the attention towards the diverse people from different religions and regions. However, the primary target customers are the artwork collectors who have the keen interest on such art based books. These customers would even spend the justified amount of money to collect such books with philosophical thoughts. The book will generate the knowledge about reducing poverty and treating the people equally. The products are designed to spread peace and happiness among other human beings. Therefore, the target customers are those who have the genuine interests on reducing poverty in the society. Current Strategy Oxfam Shop is always taking a step ahead of reducing poverty by establishing the hands-on approach. In order to reduce poverty, the company started combining their experiences of helping people during the emergency situations. Moreover, the company is even undertaking the innovative campaigns, which are considered as the most appreciable step of reducing the inequality, poverty, and hunger. Strengths and Opportunities Strengths Opportunities 1. The company receives the enormous supports from the customers worldwide. The brand identity is the major strength of the company. 2. The presence in the online sources is also one of the major strengths of the company. It helps in generating more supports from the online users. 3. The organisation has the planned objectives and qualities that are much remarkable. It enhances the scope of brand promotions and establishment of the strengthened competitive position. 4. The efficient portfolio is the major demands of the potential customers. The company could establish a strengthened brand identity through the effective portfolio. 1. The company has the enormous opportunity to create the retail shop standpoint. 2. The company has the remarkable chance to undertake the market campaigns. 3. The establishment of the centre value to gather more customers supports. Table 2: Strengths and Opportunities (Source: Created by Author) Strategy Formulation Customers Segments Segmentation of a company is focusing on segregating the extended target market of the industries. The segments are mainly focusing on sharing common values, priorities, requirements, and interests (Lewrick et al. 2015). The marketing strategies of Oxfam Shop are usually organised in groups, which are separating the goals and key performance indicators. The company has paid the closer attention towards the expectation level of the supporters. The supporters are mainly concentrating on the shop present aiders, single supplier, campaigners, shop buyers, and customary providers. The company has also been attentive towards the socioeconomics. Targeting In order to keep the focus on the target market, the company provides the special concentration on the social affairs to be followed up. In order to gather the crowd, the company is undertaking the efficient promotional activities. The campaigns and the promotional activities broadcast the condition of the people who have been suffering from the hunger and poverty (Oxfam Australia 2017). The launch of these new books will help to spread more awareness among the people in the community. Therefore, these promotional activities receive the purpose of spreading awareness among the people in the society. It helps the company to gather the supports of the target customers. Positioning The positioning is generally based on the brand promotions to create the strengthened the customer base. The standing quality and characterisation of the offered products are the major fundamental for the positioning strategy (Philips 2014). The proper positioning of the products depends on the organisational functionalities. The individuals who have been suffering poverty and hunger get the opportunities to battle the fights with the obstacles in their lives. The book will generate the sufficient knowledge about the traditional approach of mitigating the obstacles. The knowledge derived from the book will help the people to move ahead towards the future and establish the dignified life. 4ps Marketing Mix Product Oxfam Shop is much focused on brands that speak of philanthropic administration, which helps in enhancing the esteem level of the organisation (Seret, Verbraken and Baesens 2014). The company is offering the valuable product that will bring the human beings together by spreading peace. Therefore, the company is launching a book, which contains the philosophical thoughts, ideologies of life, and spirits for moving ahead towards future. Moreover, the company is also concentrating on reducing poverty and make justice with the people who have been suffering from hunger and poverty. Promotions The company has undertaken the promotional activities through TV, social media, and other promotional mediums. Moreover, the company is even utilising the newspaper to broadcast the innovative idea of spreading peace among the society. Apart from these promotional mediums, the company will arrange a social event where the famous personalities will participate to present their views about the book. Online networking system is also much effective for making people aware of the increasing number of poverty and hunger. Price The company maintains the moderate price for the people of different income rates. Concentrating on the economic level, the company has set the pricing structure neither high nor low. Hence, the moderate pricing is beneficial for getting access to the offered products. Place Oxfam Shop is mainly trying to expand the market and sell the products all over the world. The firm has recognised the injustice with the people who have been suffering from poverty. The products will be distributed to the rural areas. Conclusion The study indicates that the major aim of launching the new products by Oxfam Shop is to reduce the poverty level. The company believes that each of the human beings deserves to be out of poverty and risks. Therefore, Oxfam Shop has launched a book that contains the traditional approaches of Wakami. The book includes the different ideologies of life, philosophical emblem of spreading peace and happiness, and guidance for moving ahead in life. The company has structured the efficient marketing plan to broadcast the products among the community people. The association of the effective promotional activities will be undertaken to promote the products among the people in the world. Therefore, the marketing plan sheds lights on the components of marketing mix. Concentrating on this well structured plan, the company will be able to launch the new products to sustain the competitive position in this current market scenario. References Abs.gov.au, 2016. 8501.0 - Retail Trade, Australia, Nov 2016. [online] Abs.gov.au. Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/8501.0Main%20Features3Nov%202016?opendocumenttabname=Summaryprodno=8501.0issue=Nov%202016num=view= Andaleeb, S.S., 2016. Market Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning. InStrategic Marketing Management in Asia: Case Studies and Lessons across Industries(pp. 179-207). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Cadotte, E.R., 2016. 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Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Lewrick, M., Williams, R., Maktoba, O., Tjandra, N. and Lee, Z.C., 2015. Radical and incremental innovation effectiveness in relation to market orientation in the retail industry: triggers, drivers, and supporters.Successful Technological Integration for Competitve Advantage in Retail Settings, IGI Global, pp.239-268. Liu, Y., Li, K.J., Chen, H. and Balachander, S., 2017. The Effects of Products Aesthetic Design on Demand and Marketing-Mix Effectiveness: The Role of Segment Prototypicality and Brand Consistency.Journal of Marketing,81(1), pp.83-102. Lpez, M. and Sicilia, M., 2013. How WOM marketing contributes to new product adoption: testing competitive communication strategies.European Journal of Marketing,47(7), pp.1089-1114. Oxfam Australia, 2017. The Power of People Against Poverty. [online] Oxfam Australia. Available at: https://www.oxfam.org.au/?utm_source=Shoputm_medium=webutm_campaign=topnav Philips, C., 2014. A Silver Lining to Australia's Fashion Crisis?. [online] The Business of Fashion. Available at: https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/global-currents/silver-lining-australias-fashion-crisis Seret, A., Verbraken, T. and Baesens, B., 2014. A new knowledge-based constrained clustering approach: Theory and application in direct marketing.Applied Soft Computing,24, pp.316-327. Tracey, P., Heide, J.B. and Bell, S.J., 2014. Bringing place back in: Regional clusters, project governance, and new product outcomes.Journal of Marketing,78(6), pp.1-16. Urde, M. and Koch, C., 2014. Market and brand-oriented schools of positioning.Journal of Product Brand Management,23(7), pp.478-490. West, D., Ford, J. and Ibrahim, E., 2015.Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford University Press.